Panic Disorder

Panic Disorder - What it is

Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent, unexpected panic attacks. These panic attacks are typically followed by at least one month of persistent worry about experiencing additional panic episodes or the consequences of these attacks. Panic attacks are sudden, intense surges of anxiety that often occur without a specific trigger or warning and can last for several minutes to half an hour. In between these attacks, individuals may appear relatively well until the next episode.

In severe cases, some patients may experience multiple panic attacks in a day, leading to a strong fear of having another attack. This fear can result in avoiding places where escape might be difficult or where help may not be readily available, which is characteristic of agoraphobia. Panic disorder can also be complicated by social phobia, depression, and substance abuse, and in some cases, individuals with panic disorder may have thoughts of suicide.

Panic Disorder - Symptoms

While the triggers of panic disorder differ from person to person, these are some of the most common symptoms associated with panic disorder:

Palpitations (rapid or irregular heartbeat)
Sweating
Trembling
Difficulty in breathing
Feeling of choking
Chest discomfort or pain
Nausea or abdominal distress
Numbness or tingling sensations
Chills or hot flashes
Feeling dizzy or faint
Feeling unreal or disconnected
Fear of losing control, going crazy, or dying

Panic Disorder - How to prevent?

Panic Disorder - Causes and Risk Factors

Panic Disorder - Diagnosis

Panic Disorder - Treatments

The main treatment options for panic disorder include medications and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), either separately or in combination.

Medications

Antidepressant medications have been found to be effective in preventing panic attacks, even in the absence of depression. These medications help regulate anxiety and reduce the frequency and severity of panic attacks.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT):

CBT is particularly effective in addressing panic disorder. It helps individuals identify negative thoughts and teaches them how to challenge and manage these irrational thoughts. CBT provides techniques for controlling anxiety symptoms, ultimately reducing the likelihood of experiencing a panic attack.

It's essential to consult with a mental health specialist to determine the most appropriate treatment plan for your specific situation. They can work with you to decide whether medication, therapy, or a combination of both is the best approach to manage your panic disorder.

Panic Disorder - Preparing for surgery

Panic Disorder - Post-surgery care

Panic Disorder - Other Information

Want to learn more about Panic Disorder? Download a leaflet below:

Pain Disorder (English).pdf

Overview

Psychiatry,

Psychology

Article contributed by Singapore General Hospital

The information provided is not intended as medical advice. Terms of use. Information provided by SingHealth

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