You may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server. Please enable scripts and reload this page.
Turn on more accessible mode
Turn off more accessible mode
Skip Ribbon Commands
Skip to main content
Turn off Animations
Turn on Animations
CTDetails
It looks like your browser does not have JavaScript enabled. Please turn on JavaScript and try again.
Appointment
Find a Condition or Treatment
Find a Doctor
Menu
MAIN
Back to Home
About Us
Corporate Profile
Clinical Outcomes
Newsroom
Volunteer
Calendar of Events
Contact Us
Patient Care
Conditions & Treatments
Specialties & Services
Your Clinic Visit
Your Hospital Stay
Visitor Information
E-Services
Research & Innovation
Research in SGH
Research Peaks
Enablers
Research Community
Clinical Trials
SingHealth Research
Education & Training
Undergraduate
Residency
Continuing Education
Fellowships
Conferences & Workshops
SingHealth Academy
Careers
Overview
Why Choose Us
Career Choices
Sponsorships
Job Opportunities
Giving
Overview
Why Give
Get Involved
Your Gift at Work
Make a Gift
Contact
Conditions & Treatments
Back to Home
Conditions & Treatments
Find a Medicine
Find a Doctor
Healthxchange
Specialties & Services
Back to Home
Clinical Specialties
Colorectal Surgery
Diagnostic Radiology
Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Orthopaedic Surgery
Urology
> More Specialties & Services
Centres / Services
ENT (Ear, Nose & Throat) Centre
Diabetes & Metabolism Centre
Allergy Centre
Health Assessment Centre
Obstetrics and Gynaecology (O&G) Centre
> More Centres & Services
Allied Health Professionals
Allied Health Corporate Wellness Services
Nursing
Nursing Specialties
Community Nursing in the Southeast
Your Clinic Visit
Back to Home
Planning For Your Visit
Make or change appointment
Find a Doctor
Preparing for your lab test
Preparing for your scan
During Your Consultation
Digital Medical Certificates
Phone Consult
Video Consult
Register as Caregiver
Charges & Payments
Patient Financial Services
Medisave, Medishield Life & Insurance
Payment Information
Pay Online
Outpatient Charges
Collecting Your Medication
Medication Delivery
Medication Delivery via HealthBuddy
Request A Repeat Prescription
Emergency Care
Patient Liaison Service
Refer a Patient (For GPs)
Overseas Emergency Evacuation
Health Buddy App
Your Hospital Stay
Back to Home
Preparing For Admission
Estimated Cost of Admission
Type of Wards
Financing Your Admission
What to Bring
During Your Stay
Arriving at Your Ward
Ward Facilities and Services
Daily Ward Routine
MyCare app & Bedside Tablet
Caring for You
Visitors
Going for Surgery
Pre-Admission Assessments
Going for Anaesthesia
MySurgery - Personal Assistant for Surgery
Giving Birth
Maternity and Antenatal Charges
Antenatal Classes
Labour Ward Tour
Going into Labour
Staying in the Ward
Birth Registration
For Caregivers
Discharge
Apply for Medical Report
Support Groups
Digital Medical Certificates
Visitor Information
Back to Home
Contact Us
Visiting a Patient
Getting to SGH
Shuttle Service
Wheelchair Shuttle Service
Public Bus Service
Taxi Services
Carpark & Fees
Bicycle Parking
Getting around SGH Campus
Academia
SingHealth Tower & OCH
Closure & Changes to Road Network
Ward@Bowyer (Ward 88)
Directory
Public WiFi
SGH Museum
Souvenirs
E-Services
Back to Home
Make/Change Appointment
Feedback & Compliments
Find a Doctor
Pay Online
Financial Counselling Online
Patient Financial Services
Sign-up for Medication Delivery Service
Register to visit a patient
Request for Medical Report
Home
to skip to the main content on a page
to skip to the main content on a page
About Us
Back to Home
Corporate Profile
Hospital Overview
Our Heritage
Mission & Core Values
SGH Leadership
Key Milestones
SGH Campus Masterplan
Clinical Outcomes
Our Commitment to you
Key Utilisation Statistic
Personal Data Protection Act
Whistle-blowing Policy
Newsroom
News Release
News Articles
Lighternotes
Singapore Health
Annual Reports
Media Contact
Perfectly Imperfect Health Podcast
Publications
Volunteer
Volunteer Programmes
Benefits
Testimony
Contact Community Relation
Calendar of Events
Contact Us
Check Fake News
Patient Care
Back to Home
Conditions & Treatments
Conditions & Treatments
Find a Medicine
Find a Doctor
Healthxchange
Specialties & Services
Clinical Specialties
Centres / Services
Allied Health Professionals
Nursing
Your Clinic Visit
Planning For Your Visit
During Your Consultation
Charges & Payments
Collecting Your Medication
Emergency Care
Patient Liaison Service
Health Buddy App
Your Hospital Stay
Preparing For Admission
During Your Stay
Going for Surgery
Giving Birth
For Caregivers
Discharge
Visitor Information
Contact Us
Visiting a Patient
Getting to SGH
Getting around SGH Campus
Directory
SGH Museum
E-Services
Make/Change Appointment
Feedback & Compliments
Find a Doctor
Pay Online
Financial Counselling Online
Patient Financial Services
Sign-up for Medication Delivery Service
Register to visit a patient
Request for Medical Report
Research & Innovation
Back to Home
Research in SGH
Research Office
Facts and Funding
Research Peaks
Ageing and Population Health
Cancer
Cardiovascular Emergencies
Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders
Immunology and Transplant
Infectious Diseases
Enablers
Biomechanics Lab
Clinical Innovation & Translation Unit
Clinical Translational Sciences
Clinical Trials and Research Centre
Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
Health Services Research
Pathological Sciences
Radiological Sciences
Research Community
Academic Clinical Programmes (ACPs)
Allied Health Research
Nursing Research
Asia-Pacific Leukemia Consortium
Clinical Trials
Participate in Clinical Trials
FertStart
SingHealth Research
Education & Training
Back to Home
Undergraduate
Undergraduate Medical Education
History
Apply for Elective Posting for Overseas Medical Students
Residency
Continuing Education
PGMI
PGAHI
IAN
Fellowships
Types of Fellowship
How to Apply?
Fees
Conferences & Workshops
Calendar of Events
Pre-Medical Student Talks
SingHealth Academy
Careers
Back to Home
Overview
Why Choose Us
Employer of Choice
Fair Employment Company
Learning and Career Development
Remuneration and Benefits
SGH Work-Life
Career Choices
Doctor
Nurse
Allied Health Professionals
Management & Administration
Ancillary & Support
Researcher
Sponsorships
Educational Sponsorships
WSQ Courses (Place & Train)
Meet Our Awardees
FAQs
Job Opportunities
Giving
Back to Home
Overview
Why Give
Finding A Cure & Advancing Medical Education
Helping Our Patients
Get Involved
Sharing Your Joy with Others
Tribute to Healthcare Heroes
Create a Named Fund
Leave a Lasting Legacy
Your Gift at Work
Meet the Beneficiaries
Meet Donors Like You
Meet Our Researchers
Meet our Staff Donors
Make a Gift
Contact
Home
>
Patient Care
>
CTDetails
Home
>
Patient Care
>
Conditions and Treatment
>
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
>
Causes Risk Factors
Facebook
WhatsApp
Email Us
share
Font Resize
A-
A
A+
Print
- Causes and Risk Factors
- Other Information
Display Entire Article +
Symptoms
Prevention
Article contributed by
Rheumatology ＆ Immunology
,
Singapore General Hospital
Our Breast Team
Filter:
By designation or sub-specialty
By Designation:
By Sub-Specialty:
TOP
Related Conditions
Stroke
View more
Related Medications
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (Oral)
Diclofenac
Antimalarial
Corticosteroid
Cyclophosphamide
Azathioprine
Methotrexate
Tacrolimus
Ciclosporin
View more
Health Tips
by
View more
Discover articles, videos and guides from SingHealth - bringing you helpful tips and facts to make healthy living easier.
Managing Lower Back Pain - Doctor Q&A
Snoring When To See A Doctor
Post-Stroke Exercises (Lower Limb Strength Training)
Post-Stroke Exercises (Upper Limb Strength Training)
Find a Doctor
Condition & Treatment
Home
Appointment
E-services
