craniotomy-procedure-and-post-operative-care

A craniotomy is a surgical procedure that involves the temporary removal of a portion of the skull to access the brain. This procedure is performed to treat various neurological conditions, including brain tumours, aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), traumatic brain injuries, and epileptic seizures that do not respond to medication.

During a craniotomy, the neurosurgeon carefully removes a section of the skull, allowing access to the brain for the necessary treatment or intervention. Following the procedure, the removed portion of the skull is typically replaced and secured with plates and screws. Read on to learn more about this complex and delicate neurosurgical procedure.

Before Surgery

Before undergoing a craniotomy procedure, it is essential to communicate openly with your healthcare team. Inform your doctor of any existing medical illnesses, and also disclose any allergies to medications, drugs, or food. Additionally, it is crucial to provide details about any history of bleeding or clotting disorders and to list any blood-thinning medications you may be taking. This information is vital in ensuring the surgical team can adequately prepare and provide tailored care for your specific health needs.

During Surgery

During the craniotomy procedure, certain steps and protocols are commonly followed. You may receive medication to induce sleep, ensuring you are comfortable throughout the operation. Unless advised otherwise by your neurosurgeon, this medication will be administered in the operating theater to help you rest peacefully during the surgery. In certain cases, an Awake Craniotomy approach may be utilized, wherein you may be asked to perform specific tasks for brain monitoring. This allows the neurosurgeon to assess brain activity, and if necessary, the surgery may be converted to general anesthesia for the patient's well-being. Additionally, as part of the procedure, a portion of your hair may be shaved, and further diagnostic investigations such as CT or MRI scans may be ordered to aid in the surgical process.

After Surgery

Following the craniotomy, post-operative care and monitoring are crucial for your recovery. You will likely be transferred to the Neuroscience Intensive Care Unit (ICU) or the Intermediate Care Area (ICA) for close observations and continuation of medical treatment. During this time, various equipment such as bedside monitors, infusion pumps, and an intra-arterial catheter may be utilized to monitor your vital signs and deliver necessary treatments. Additionally, supportive measures such as an oxygen face mask or nasal prong may be used to aid in your breathing and recovery process.

Post-surgery, it is common to have several medical tubes in place, including a breathing tube, IV line, central venous line, and nasal/oral gastric tube. These tubes are essential for medication administration, fluid management, and aiding in your body's healing process. Expect frequent examinations by healthcare professionals to monitor your progress, manage any pain or discomfort, and guide you through mobility exercises to support your recovery. Furthermore, wound management is an integral part of your post-operative care, with dressing changes and closure techniques such as stitches, staples, or liquid adhesive mesh being utilized to ensure proper healing of the surgical site.

Discharge planning is another critical aspect of post-operative care. It involves arranging for a caregiver to support you after leaving the hospital, and in cases where additional rehabilitation is required, exploring options for transferring to a step-down facility, such as a community hospital, for ongoing recovery and support. Your healthcare team will provide guidance and instructions for wound care and recovery at home or in a different care setting.

In addition, interventions such as physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy may be incorporated into your care plan to aid in your rehabilitation and recovery process. Dietary guidance from a dietician can also support your nutritional needs during your recovery.

For further reading, download our leaflet below:

Craniotomy.pdf

Craniotomy Procedure and Post-operative Care

Before Surgery

During Surgery

After Surgery