Triple X syndrome is a chromosomal condition caused by the presence of an additional X chromosome in females. The symptoms vary, although many girls and women do not show any symptoms or experience mild symptoms.
Typically, both males and females have 46 chromosomes. In females, this includes two X chromosomes, while males have one X and one Y chromosome.
It is estimated that triple X syndrome occurs in approximately one in 1,000 live female births.
Triple X syndrome is also called:
Only one X chromosome is active at any time in each female cell, thus triple X syndrome often does not cause medical issues or unusual physical features.
The features of triple X syndrome can vary widely and it is important to note that not all the features described will be seen in your child.
Some girls and women with triple X syndrome have minimal or no symptoms.
The majority of people with triple X syndrome have intelligence within the normal range. Some may have developmental issues such as delayed language or motor skills.Some may also experience behavioural and emotional difficulties.
Other medical problems may include:
It is important to note that although there may be certain differences between girls with triple X syndrome and girls with two X chromosomes, most of these differences are what is often found as normal variation among individuals.
Most girls and women with triple X syndrome lead normal lives. They go to mainstream schools, have jobs and children and live to an old age.
Triple X syndrome occurs when an additional X chromosome is present before or soon after the time of conception.
It is not connected to or passed on from either parent, and there is nothing a person can do to increase or decrease the likelihood of their child having triple X syndrome.
The diagnosis of triple X syndrome is made by looking at the complete set of chromosomes of the individual. This is called a karyotype. A karyotype shows the number and visual appearance of the chromosomes found in the cells of a person.
While it is not possible to cure triple X syndrome, much can be done to make sure your child has the best possible outcome.
The medical team looking after your child will be able to address specific medical concerns and routine triple X syndrome-related healthcare issues.
Ongoing evaluation for growth and development is recommended, with early intervention therapies initiated in a timely manner.
The social and psychological impact of triple X syndrome cannot be underestimated and should be a priority in the care of any girl or woman with the condition. It can be highly beneficial for them to connect with others who share similar experiences and concerns.
The risk of having another child with triple X syndrome is low.
Triple X syndrome is a lifelong condition. Should you require financial assistance or emotional support, please approach your doctor for referral to a medical social worker.
Download the Triple X Syndrome brochure.
